Notes from Dr. Borkosky

Drawing upon an earlier post titled “Ideological Blindspots (Part IV): The Dimensionality of Trumpism” I explained that, although the left-right axis might shift over time, and although the Trump (and also Bernie Sanders) populist campaigns might shift the end points along that dimension, however the election settles, we will inevitable experience settled endpoints. Or, to hear Otero tell it: "What the media bias chart is is an anchor," Otero said. Parham: 804.523.5220 Such sources, once more, will avoid the risk of dissipating their costly journalistic reputation for short-term gains that would result from catering to either extreme along the east-west ideological spectrum, or x axis, with the consequence that the most successful media sources equilibrate at or near the ideological center. And yet, they generally fail to do so dramatically.

"I've taken into account certain criticisms," Otero said. Author Vanessa Otero created the original version of this chart for infrequent readers in order to help them distinguish “between decent news sources and terrible news sources”. In each instance, professional reviewer scores and general audience scores routinely diverge. Special thanks to Vanessa Otero for her input in an earlier draft of this post. When evaluating each article, the analyst made the determination as to the effect of the separate grading considerations on the overall awarded grade. © 2020 by Maxwell Stearns  Proudly created with, The Multiple-Analyst-Generated Media Bias Chart. Different reviewers routinely generate different ratings results. Major media outlets thus invest massive resources in developing original news content, in addition to editorial staffs capable of providing meaningful commentary and analysis. CALL: ", Newsy © 2020Newsy is an E.W.

Such stories compete, along either side of the ideological spectrum, with other like-biased sources. View Vanessa Otero’s profile on LinkedIn, the world’s largest professional community. The Spectrum of News Sources graphic is designed to present a visual representation of news sources – highlighting both their quality and partisanship. These include large investitive journalistic staffs well placed around the globe, and robust physical infrastructures associated, for example, with printing daily publications and effective distribution channels.

In my first post, I set out my initial thesis concerning the logic of the graphic, including, most notably, its apparent Gaussian shape, based, in large part, on the series of seventeen evaluative factors that Vanessa Otero had employed to explain version 3.0. The sources widely viewed as highly ranked for quality and accuracy, such as the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, and the Washington Post, have made notable and costly financial investments that represent such commitment bonds. Do you agree with the placement of the news sources on this graph? The data are thus far consistent with the earlier hypotheses concerning the tradeoff between reliability and ideological bias and with the depiction of the resulting locations along each dimension as representing equilibria respecting one or more of the identified maximands.

Those valuations are likewise new to this version of the chart, and those are apt to be adjusted going forward. Downtown: 804.523.5211 Accomplishing this means ensuring that the data she has generated prove replicable in large numbers even if individual readers might disagree with specific media source placements.

The resulting graphic changed some specific media locations. Check website for updates. In general, my impression is that these different reviewer cohorts will still tend to rank the same or closely overlapping books or movies as best or worst. Because the graphic does not arise from population density plotting, the question arises what accounts for the curve's familiar, and appealing, presentation. In the second related post, I provided a more comprehensive analysis of the media graphic’s Gaussian shape, which, once more, might be likened to a standard probability distribution function (PDF). Thus far, version 5.0 exhibits a notable visual change. "So much of the content that we consume right now is telling you how you should feel about a subject," Otero said. You have your neutral or balanced stuff in the middle. In the original graphic through version 3.0, the resulting curve assumed an approximate Gaussian form, or the shape of a general probability distribution (PDF) function, even though the composition was not generated by population density data corresponding to the points along the x axis. Version 5.0 of the chart followed a different evaluative process. © 2020 by Maxwell Stearns  Proudly created with Wix.com. Those sources capable of maximizing these highly valued inputs will do so by exhibiting relatively strong commitments to journalistic accuracy and quality. Of course, Otero is just one person — with her own biases and blind spots. Vanessa Otero is a patent attorney in Colorado. Though not everyone may agree with the placement of sources on this chart, this graphic is intended to create a rich conversation about the evaluation of news publications. This Map Can Help Navigate The Partisan Media Landscape. The lowest quality stuff is at the bottom. Ms. Otero originally created the now-viral chart to provide herself and her friends a means by which to assess media sources in an age of increasingly prevalent and influential fake news during the 2016 presidential campaign. Version 5.0 exhibits a distinct change from Gaussian form to an inverted and somewhat flattened “V.”. A comprehensive chart of political media, then, could serve as a sort of guide for those who want to make up their own minds. The horizontal axis is bias. Moderate analysts are not necessarily moderate on each issue, but rather they are apt to hold a mix of relatively liberal and conservative positions, encouraging them to self-identify as moderate, rather than as liberal or conservative overall. As a result, for any three-person cohort, two thirds will tend to exhibit a bias in the same general direction. The customization function on the interactive chart further allows users to visualize individual article ratings attributed to each selected media source. Version 5.0 and those that will follow derive the underlying data using a different process. Of the nine analysts who remain, two hold a four-year degree, six also hold a masters, and one holds both a JD and masters. Created by Denver patent attorney Vanessa Otero, and picked up by former child-actor-turned Leftist barker Wil Wheaton, there’s a chart listing various news sources and where (she thinks) they fall on both the political spectrum and a vertical range of “Complex” to “Sensational or clickbait.”. Although such stories might attract an immediate and temporary spike in readership, they simultaneously risk compromising the costly investments in reputation for accuracy and journalistic integrity. The overall relationship of commitment bonding represented along the y axis to the ideological placement represented along the x axis, remains, even as the detail as between these two visual presentations of the graphic has changed. Part II: The Gaussian Curve as a Series of Readership- or Revenue-Maximizing Equilibria. "It's a two-dimensional taxonomy," Otero said. Beginning with version 5.0, Otero has to translate those intuitions into an algorithm that transformed a series independent analyst scores on each dimension into a chart location. A question for future rankings is whether the finely grained evaluative criteria, if automatically transformed into a total score, would vary those results in a meaningful way.

Although the search terms required some college, most analysts in the original cohort held a four-year degree, with over half also holding a masters, JD, or MBA. This might not be true of all hired analysts, but if it is true of most, the effect on the curve could be significant. Although the cohort of trained analysts, most of whom lack Otero’s expertise in lateral reading, might affect the shape of the curve, so too the scoring in the algorithm can have this effect.

The theses in these two posts are mutually reinforcing.

I further discussed the special problem of libertarians who, nominally at least, claim to eschew conventional left-right ideology. "I have actually made adjustments to certain sources, especially from some of the earlier versions. If we accept the starting points of the extremes, namely highest quality and least biased, in the center, to most biased and lowest quality, at the far left and far right, these in-between data points combine to form what appears as a Gaussian curve, or PDF.

Version 5.1 conveys the same data as 5.0, but it does so with fewer overlayed media sources on each page. The variation is apt to be most pronounced for those the ratings in-between. For a detailed explanation on the original reasoning and methodology behind the chart, click here. This post focuses version 5.0. This allow educators, and other users, access to more specific information without the clutter associated with the dense plotting of sources on 5.0. These analysts were hired from an applicant pool in which each person self-identified across the political spectrum, with one liberal, one moderate, and one conservative evaluating several thousand stories as needed to derive the overall ratings reflected in the new graphic. A chart of media bias. And they will do so in a manner that corresponds to the mechanisms that I distilled within first post as a series of media commitment bonds. Once more, this implies that this last group of sources will try to avoid drifting universally to the extreme right or extreme left so as to be predictably viewed seriously by a readership seeking careful analysis and opinion that is generally regarded as fair, even if not entirely impartial.

In general, the better quality, best quality stuff is at the top. I've developed really robust methodologies, really granular methodologies … the headline, the picture or graphic, the lede or chyron, and then individual sentences for quality and bias. An analysis of Nielsen data from the Knight Foundation shows a widening gap between liberals who say they trust the media and conservatives who say they don't. For each article of the thousands reviewed, a cohort comprising one from each ideological category evaluated and ranked the source.

To review various versions of the chart, Today's News: Separating Fact from Fiction. For more detailed information, see the UC Merced Library Source Spectrum website. Another helpful data set will likely arise from a separate, related project. The Chart, Version 3.0: What, Exactly, Are We Reading? Images are reproduced with the permission of Ad Fontes Media. Before proceeding, it is important to acknowledge that it might not be possible to provide definitive answers to these questions.

"The vertical axis is quality. Various versions of the Media Bias Chart were created by Vanessa Otero. Until now, Otero has mostly managed the project herself. I’ve seen several of these attempts at categorizing sources lately and this, from Vanessa Otero, is probably the best so far. For a detailed explanation on the original reasoning and methodology behind the chart. At the link above, she explains her chart methodology. Such data might inform whether the earlier, Gaussian, distributions better represent “expert” analyses, individually or aggregated, and whether, conversely, the flatter descents from the unbiased, or minimally biased, apex better represent well educated and trained novice reviewers. "I thought it might be helpful to map it - better, worse, left and right - I started piecing it together on my own, just to explain to my friends on Facebook. She’s not a journalist. This is helpful, especially if, as explained below, neither that or the inverted “V” shape can be claimed as necessarily more accurate. The Pew Research Center finds that the most partisan among us are more likely to be steering the broader political conversation. Author Vanessa Otero created the original version of this chart for infrequent readers in order to help them distinguish “between decent news sources and terrible news sources”.

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