Notes from Dr. Borkosky

Once the organisational objectives get so displaced, there might be a question mark on the existence of the organisation. The means of compliance of his instructions at his disposal are strictly limited to his area of specialisation. Bureaucrats try to maintain this standard as they get professional training. Political interference, in matters of day to day administration; was not much. Whatever salaries officials get is not enough for them to live the way they want in the modern world. Situation became worst at the dawn of independence because of departure of British and Muslim officers from higher services, partition of the country, Pakistan’s incursion into Kashmir and annexation of widely spread conglomeration of provinces and princely states in the Union of India, which made any drastic change impossible. Organisational rules and regulations are given priority over individual’s needs and emotions. But the very survival of the revolution was at stake.

It aimed to enforce due process of law, collect revenue, to maintain efficiency in all basic matters – crime, land revenue, records of rights and economy. Further, the performance of officials is judged on the basis of such rules which are known to them and to their superiors. Initiative and actions were the aims to be sought. In 1794 the rule of the most radical wing of the bourgeoisie gave way to rule in the interests of the bourgeoisie as a whole. 2.

Thermidor and later Napoleon did not restore feudalism, but laid the bases for modern capitalist France. It was Lenin rather than Trotsky who first became alive to the dangers of bureaucracy within the party and state machine that was governing Russia. So the need for democracy in establishing social and economic priorities will be even more central. The Mauryan empire was an efficient and highly organized autocracy with a standing army and civil service.That bureaucracy and its operation were the model for the Artha-shastra (“The Science of Material Gain”), a work of political economy similar in tone and scope to Niccolò Machiavelli’s The Prince.. These civil servants, who not only dig expert knowledge from the raw material, but also give it a shape with a sense of commitment. To run the administration of a country in an effective way, a band of capable officers efficient, prompt, just and sympathetic belonging to different disciplines of civil services are required. This type of unbiased approach, certainly, will ensure maximum efficiency.

The period from 1965 to 1980 was an era of committed bureaucracy. Increasingly divided, they competed bitterly among themselves as to who were Trotsky’s true followers. In The Eighteenth Brumaire Marx had examined the means whereby Louis Bonaparte had overturned the gains of the 1848 revolution. The change in the political complexion of the nation was reflected in the performance of Administrative Service and its capacity to work impartially without any fear or favour.”. Bureaucratic form of organisation gives certain benefits or advantages to the management. The procedure is to be taken into account while performing the work. Characteristics or Features 5. Lack of Human Touch – A bureaucratic organisation stresses mechanical way of doing things. The service of IAS, proven competence and integrity, too found it comfortable to toe the footsteps of the political leaders. But it also contributes to a broader discussion. Rights and Duties – Each and every employee can understand his rights and the duties to be performed. Bureaucracy is a distinctive arrangement used by human beings to organize their activities. It also encourages preservation of jobs even when they become redundant. In 1858, when the transfer of power from East India Company to the British Crown became a reality, the foundations of the Indian Civil Services were formally laid. In economics, absolute advantage refers to the capacity of any economic agent, either an individual or a group, to produce a larger quantity of a product than its competitors. This leads to a great wastage of time, stationery and space. The party of the working class was substituting itself for the direct rule of the working class through the soviets. Specialists are not grouped together in functional units but are deployed into specialized market- oriented project teams. Thus, bureaucracy is an indispensable part of any Government.

Formalities were the minimum. But from 1928 Stalin appeared to take a sharp turn to the left. It is the sister strategy to monetary policy. The various modes are hierarchy, professionalization, specializationAbsolute AdvantageIn economics, absolute advantage refers to the capacity of any economic agent, either an individual or a group, to produce a larger quantity of a product than its competitors. Family relationships or any other relationships should not influence presentation of awards. (c) Emphasis on professional competence and authority. A clearly defined hierarchy of authority is needed to give commands for proper discharge of duties at various levels. So, the decision maker can take a decision well in advance. 5. Advance Decision – A criteria is fixed to take a decision in routine matters.

The officers possessed a high sense of responsibility. 7. (iii) A general invective to refer to any inefficient organization encumbered by red tape. Functional Specialisation – A work is to be divided into various parts by adopting the principle of division of labour. The system or arrangement to maintain uniform authority within and across institutionsCorporationA corporation is a legal entity created by individuals, stockholders, or shareholders, with the purpose of operating for profit.

There is a resistance to change on the part of employees also. There is a framed set of rules that employees must adhere to. Born to a family of low status in Dalmatia, Diocletian rose through the ranks of the military to become a cavalry commander of the Emperor Carus's army. 3. After the annex­ation of Indian territories, East India Company consolidated its position as a dominant power in India by 1784. Procedures are laid down for orderly performance of work. Employees are treated like machine and not like individuals. In a work that is scholarly in the best sense of the term, Twiss traces Trotsky’s developing thought about the nature of bureaucracy in Russia from 1917 to 1940. Our mission is to provide an online platform to help students to discuss anything and everything about Economics. The objectives of the Government were now to launch a massive attack on five major evils of the society—Want, Disease, Ignorance, Squalor and Idleness—and to secure to all its citizens “Justice—social, economic and political”. Moreover, employees work in the same department for a reasonably long period. It was only with The Revolution Betrayed in 1936 that Trotsky set out a full account of what the Stalinist bureaucracy had become. In bureaucratic management, all regular tasks that are to be performed are classified as official dutiesFinancial Analyst Job DescriptionThe financial analyst job description below gives a typical example of all the skills, education, and experience required to be hired for an analyst job at a bank, institution, or corporation. But in practice, it plays a very important role. Bureaucracy demands bureaucrats to be highly disciplined and abide by the rules. At times he was confused, almost bewildered, by the course of events. Selection and promotion is followed on the basis of technical competence possessed by the candidates. (ii) Well-Defined Structure of Relationship: A clearly-defined hierarchy is created through delegation of authority. It is a symbol of prestige i.e., empire building.

In the absence of any fast means of communication, the officers at the district were compelled to take decisions of their own to important matters of policy and administration. 5. Role of bureaucracy during Nehru Patel Era: During 1950’s, the performance of IAS was at the best. Weber wants to improve the performance of the organisation gradually by following bureaucracy. India Act of 1935 allowed the continuance of only three All India Services, namely, Indian Civil Service, Indian Police Service and Indian Medical Service (Civil). Red Tapism – There is too much red tapism and paper work. He knew the histories by Jaurès, Kropotkin, and many others. 1. Obviously this reflected reality. Would the Russian Revolution come to a similar reactionary end? The period after 1935 witnessed frequent clashes between the Indian Ministers and British officials. For the first time, officials were interacting with the economic functions. Bureaucrats are appointed on a long-term basis. However, now it is being realized that ‘ivory tower life style’ prevented bureaucrats from succumbing to outside pressures and helped them to remain honest, upright and impartial. “For any administration to be good and efficient, as a whole, we want right type of men. With many of the old visionary leaders having gone from the national and state scene in the sixties, a rot started setting up rapidly in the administrative set up. Or any kind of government organization is commonly thought of as a bureaucracy. They developed traditions of character, initiative, imagination, understanding and paternalism.

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